1. 1. – WTO Agreements and Public health. Op.cit. p 33 ↑

1. 1. -Article 2.1: Members have the right to take sanitary and phytosanitary measures necessary for the protection of human, animal or plant life or health, provided that such measures are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement. ↑

1. 1. – https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/sps_e/spsund_e.htm last visited12/5/2015 ↑

1. 1. – Agreement on the application of sanitary and phytosanitary measures.Annex A. article 1Available at: https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/sps_e/spsagr_e.htm last visited12/5/2015 ↑

1. 1. – فاطمه طیار،کارشناس مسئول صادرات و واردات. ر.ک به پورتابل سازمان ملی استاندارد ایران(Isiri.org) ↑

1. 1. -Article 1.1: This Agreement applies to all sanitary and phytosanitary measures which may, directly or indirectly, affect international trade. Such measures shall be developed and applied in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement ↑

1. 1. – WTO Panel Report, EC-Hormons.Available at: https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/cases_e/ds26_e.htm last visited12/5/2015 ↑

1. 1. – موسوی زنوز موسی، پیشین، ص۴۱۷ ↑

1. 1. -Article 5.6: Without prejudice to paragraph 2 of Article 3, when establishing or maintaining sanitary or phytosanitary measures to achieve the appropriate level of sanitary or phytosanitary protection, Members shall ensure that such measures are not more trade-restrictive than required to achieve their appropriate level of sanitary or phytosanitary protection, taking into account technical and economic feasibility ↑

1. 1. -Article5.5: level of sanitary or phytosanitary protection against risks to human life or health, or to animal and plant life or health, each Member shall avoid arbitrary or unjustifiable distinctions in the levels it considers to be appropriate in different situations, if such distinctions result in discrimination or a disguised restriction on international trade. Members shall cooperate in the Committee, in accordance with paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 of Article 12, to develop guidelines to further the practical implementation of this provision. In developing the guidelines, the Committee shall take into account all relevant factors, including the exceptional character of human health risks to which people voluntarily expose themselves. ↑

1. 1. – Article.5.4 : Members should, when determining the appropriate level of sanitary or phytosanitary protection, take into account the objective of minimizing negative trade effects ↑

1. 1. -Article 4.1: Members shall accept the sanitary or phytosanitary measures of other Members as equivalent, even if these measures differ from their own or from those used by other Members trading in the same product, if the exporting Member objectively demonstrates to the importing Member that its measures achieve the importing Member’s appropriate level of sanitary or phytosanitary protection. For this purpose, reasonable access shall be given, upon request, to the importing Member for inspection, testing and other relevant procedures. ↑

1. 1. – موسوی زنوز موسی، پیشین، ص ۴۱۸-۴۱۹ ↑

1. 1. – فاطمه طیار،کارشناس مسئول صادرات و واردات. ر.ک به پورتابل سازمان ملی استاندارد ایران(Isiri.org) ↑

1. 1. – WTO Agreements and Public Health.op.cit.pp 36 – 37 ↑

1. 1. – op.cit.p 37 ↑

1. 1. – WTO Appellate Body Report, japan-appels.Available at: https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/cases_e/ds245_e.htm last visited12/5/2015 ↑

1. 1. – http://www.who.int/trade/about/en/ last visited10/8/2015 ↑

1. 1. -World Health Assembly ↑

1. 1. -نجفی بهزاد، پیشین، ص ۱۱۱-۱۱۲ ↑

1. 1. – http://www.who.int/trade/about/en/ last visited10/8/2015 ↑

1. 1. – Craig VanGrasstek .op.cit. p 163 ↑

1. 1. -نجفی بهزاد، پیشین، ص ۳۱۵ ↑

1. 1. -WTO Agreements and Pubilc Health.op.cit. p 58 ↑

1. 1. -Infectious disease ↑

1. 1. – http://www.who.int/topics/infectious_diseases/en/ last visited12/5/2015 ↑

1. 1. -Globalization and infectious diseases: A review of the linkages. World Health Organization on behalf of the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases. The “Special Topics in Social, Economic and Behavioural (SEB) Research 2004. P 6 ↑

1. 1. – WTO Agreements and Pubilc Health. Op.cit. pp58-59 ↑

1. 1. – International Health Regulations ( IHR) ↑

1. 1. – http://www.phc.umsu.ac.ir/index.aspx?siteid=9&pageid=4765 last visited12/5/2015 ↑

1. 1. – WTO Agreements and Pubilc Health.op.cit. pp 60,61,62 ↑

1. 1. – Globalization and infectious diseases: op.cit. pp 13-15 ↑

1. 1. -Food safety ↑

1. 1. – http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs399/en/ last visited12/5/2015 ↑

1. 1. – WTO Agreements and Pubilc Health. Op.cit, pp 62,63 ↑

1. 1. – Mohamed Elmi, food safety, Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, Vol. 14, Special Issue.p 143 ↑

1. 1. – http://www.who.int/trade/glossary/story027/en last visited10/8/2015 ↑

1. 1. – Mohamed Elmi, op.cit..p 147 ↑

1. 1. – WTO Agreements and Pubilc Health. Op.cit. p 65 ↑

1. 1. -Food and Agriculture Organization ↑

1. 1. – WTO Agreements and Pubilc Health. Op.cit. p 65 ↑

1. 1. – Craig Van Grasstek, op.cit. pp 175-176 ↑

1. 1. -Food security ↑

1. 1. -Nutrition ↑

1. 1. -Murray and J lopez. The Global burden of disease. Published by WHO and Harvard school of public health and World bank.1996. p4-5 ↑

1. 1. – http://www.agrofoodnews.com/article/article.php?id=151 last visited12/5/2015 ↑

1. 1. -Food safety ↑

1. 1. -Food security ↑

1. 1. – www.agrofoodnews.com/article/article.php?id=151 last visited12/5/2015 ↑